ABSTRACT
THE IRAQ WAR EXPOSED DEEP fissures in transatlantic relations. Onthe eve of the war, Secretary of State Colin Powell warned of the Atlantic Alliance “breaking up,” while Henry Kissinger, a close and long observer of U.S.–European relations, concluded that differences over Iraq had “produced the gravest crisis in the Atlantic Alliance since its creation five decades ago.”1 Since the war, tempers have cooled, but serious differences remain.
