Online and social media and the communication taking place there are highly relevant and dynamic objects for scholars of environmental communication. Moreover, scholarship should focus more on what makes environmental communication online specific. The broader scholarly literature and other accounts of the characteristics and impacts of online and social media have often taken either utopian or dystopian positions. The internet has enabled transnational environmental NGOs to extend their communication to countries of the “Global South”. More specifically, the research field lacks studies on the political and economic communicators on environmental issues, such as political parties, individual politicians or corporations and their representatives. Intermediaries are communicative mediators between communicators such as politicians or scientists and an audience. New intermediaries like bloggers or influencers as well as digital intermediaries such as search engines and social media platforms have risen in importance, even though they have not yet received much scholarly attention.