ABSTRACT
Artificial intelligence (AI) will be fundamental to harnessing and integrating ever-greater amounts of data across air, space, cyberspace, sea, and land domains. The conclusion identifies areas for further research and warns that complacency about AI poses a grave risk to the security and prosperity of small states in the 21st century; as such, policy makers in smaller states should focus on creating the conditions for them to become “AI powers”. Police use of AI also comes with ethical and practical concerns. Improved situational awareness afforded by AI could facilitate humanitarian objectives and the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals. AI also offers great potential healthcare benefits for the developing world, improving efficiency, reducing misdiagnoses, and overall outcomes, especially in rural areas. Free trade agreements should include provisions specifically guaranteeing access to AI technologies to open doors for domestic economic interests.
