ABSTRACT
This chapter provides an overview of research methods for studying second language (L2) speech production in young L2 learners between the ages of 6 and 12. L2 speech production serves as an important cognitive tool for young learners to develop higher mental functions, and it is also a robust predictor of literacy development. The authors present two main categories of L2 production methods: standardized norm-referenced assessments and language sampling methods. They discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and use of technology in each method. The authors also conclude the chapter with suggestions for future directions, including exploring alternative L2 production methods such as dynamic assessments, developing alternative methods of administration such as involving parents as instrument administrators, and including multiple measures to gain a comprehensive picture of children’s L2 production.
