ABSTRACT
The related concepts of social vulnerability and resilience are fundamental to the study of hazards and disasters. Both are products of social-structural factors and social processes that vary over time and across societies. In general, vulnerability is the highest and achieving resilience is the most challenging in poorer nations in the Global South. Group and individual vulnerability is shaped by a variety of intersecting social factors, including race, ethnicity, gender, age, disability, home ownership and homelessness, literacy, and citizenship status. Multiple approaches have been advanced for the measurement of both concepts at different levels of analysis, some of which are discussed here.
