ABSTRACT
The Indigenous peoples of the Americas established pre-Columbian trade routes that extended from South and Central America to North America doing so without the advantage of the horse or wheeled conveyances which only came with European contact. The Taos Pueblo in New Mexico was a popular pre-Columbian trading center with established trails indicating routes from north in Canada, east to the coastal tribes, and south to Mayan and Inca cultures. The tribes also used rivers and established trading centers along the major waterways from the St. Lawrence to the Rio Grande. These trails and Indian settlements soon became roads and towns for colonial settlers.
