This part introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters. The part considers Mexico’s future foreign exchange requirements. It is concerned with the foreign exchange gap, also looks to macroprogramming of public-sector investment to rationalize and reduce foreign exchange inputs. The part provides a common thread in an indictment of public-sector management of investment programs, yet they diverge sharply on what the consequences of these poorly conceived investments for the future of the Mexican economy will be. It argues that rational measures were not adopted by both public and private sectors in Mexico during the years of expansion. In Mexico, much of the enormous investment undertaken by the private sector must certainly have depended directly on the vision of oil-led expansion that gripped the nation. Mexico is currently a net exporter of capital, which will have an effect on the savings required to finance domestic capital accumulation.