ABSTRACT
Lithuania is one of the oldest nation-states in the European portion of the former Soviet Union, tracing its state history back to the early 14th century. Lithuania’s ethnic diversity, history of Soviet occupation, culture, language and religion provide common links as well as discontinuities with its Baltic neighbors. Ethnically, Lithuania is the most homogeneous of the Baltic societies. Lithuanian independence began anew in 1988 when scientists publicly opposed the expansion of the lgnalina nuclear power plant and thousands of Lithuanians joined in protest. Contemporary Lithuanian culture is a combination of deeply rooted traditional cultural elements and more Soviet values. Despite widespread negative characterizations of the Soviet legacy, Lithuanians remain quite fond of Russian literature, music and culture. Lithuania’s potential energy resources are the focus of an emerging controversy. Lithuania is predominantly an urban nation, with 68% of its population living in cities in 1989.
