ABSTRACT
At the economic level, the development policy of the national society discovered an excellent source of raw forestry materials in the Oaxaca mountains. This led to a massive and irrational exploitation of the forest resources. The region's forests were monopolized by private companies, the so-called "Industrial Units for Forestry." Created in 1955 by presidential decree. Tuxtepec Paper Manufacturers obtained through a concession of the federal government, most of the forest area in the State of Oaxaca, and in particular, the forests in the Sierra Juarez and Southern Sierras. The urgent need to defend the forest resources and their use led to the creation of the first indigenous-peasant movements in the State of Oaxaca and organized at the inter-community level. The exploitative situation continued until the forest leases expired in 1982 and new decrees were made that repeated the words of the old ones.
