ABSTRACT
General dilemmas of security and development faced by Third World states impinge on marine policy, although the ocean setting does shape these dilemmas in distinctive ways. Marine policy encompasses a complex gamut of interrelated sectors cutting across both development and security, with different possibilities and constraints in each sector. The so-called new law of the sea can be of substantial assistance to Third World states in managing and protecting ocean resources, even though there is often continuing dependence on developed states. National enclosure can provide for better management and protection of Third World ocean resources. Implementation of policy in part involves designing a mechanism to promote more rational management and utilization of ocean resources. Third World states championed 200-mile zones, which in some cases enclose substantial offshore resources. The amount of capital needed to explore for and exploit offshore hydrocarbon resources is well beyond the technical and financial capabilities of most developing countries.
