ABSTRACT
This chapter deals with the small-scale (artisanal) fisheries located in the coastal zone which are primarily non-powered, traditional sailboat fishermen and brackish water-pond operators. From the standpoint of employment, both capture and culture fisheries are extremely important components in Java's coastal economy. Major production gains, especially in aquaculture, could be generated through management improvements in small-holder operations and by making available increased supplies of modern production inputs. The high mortality rate in the culture of milkfish and shrimp for fish farmers in Bandengan and Banyutowo villages can be only partially attributed to the use of traditional production practices. Indonesian policy-makers are faced with a dilemma: how to expand fish production for the nutritional improvement of the population; how to increase shrimp exports for foreign exchange earnings; and how to modernize the fishing fleet to take advantage of underexploited areas.
