ABSTRACT
This chapter examines fundamental problems which have arisen in the necessary linking of technology with management, i.e., in relating artifact-focused with people-focused activities. From Galileo to the Apollo lunar landing, from Darwin to recombinant DNA, the paradigms of science and technology have yielded dazzling triumphs. Organizations and individuals play important roles and it is suggested that other perspectives with different paradigms must augment the technical perspective. One case is the adoption of thermodynamics by some economists, e.g., the "entropy state" of Georgescu-Roegen. It is tempting in the context of the science-technology world view to reduce complexity by taking an existing law, albeit derived for closed physical systems, and apply it to open social systems. The science-technology world view also places great stress on cause and effect relationships. The science-technology world view is concerned with physical space-time, i.e., with time as a dimension or variable essential in grasping the dynamics of a complex system.
