ABSTRACT
Income distribution is not merely an economic phenomenon, but has to be seen in a wider sociological context. Considerable attention has been given, mainly by American economists, to the relationship between schooling, represented by the number of years of school attendance, and income. More particularly, a number of social, cultural and political variables will have to be included, and measurement is less advanced in these fields of scientific research than in economics. While the production process remains one of the central phenomena of development, human attitudes in the co-operation of production factors, with their social and cultural bounds must supplement the purely economic theory of production. Some economists take a view of complete agnosticism, referring the question to moralists or ethics, while others, among them S. C. Kolm, are prepared to formulate some criteria in the shape of economic criteria, admitting that some ethical postulates have been added.
