ABSTRACT
Next to the energy industries, the materials industries are the most energy intensive in the UK. This chapter analyses energy costs using the conventions described in Chapters 1 and 2 for metals, building materials and paper; polymers are the subject of Chapter 4. Four ways of saving fuel in materials production and processing are identified and discussed: improvement of fuel efficiency; substitution of less energy intensive materials for more energy intensive ones; greater recycling of materials; reduction in use of materials.
