ABSTRACT
Muslims have been cultural producers in what is now the United States since before the country was established. However, they have always done so from marginalized identities, because of the racialized structure of US American society. US American culture in general, in American Muslim culture, is closely tied to and dependent upon Black culture in the US. While marginalization is an important context for understanding American Muslim experiences, it does not define those experiences. American Muslims have always had agency in how they produce culture.
