ABSTRACT
This chapter holistically advances understanding of processes behind the relationship between music and cognition and considers the possible causality of this association. By reviewing the most recent empirical studies and meta-analyses from a range of national and cultural contexts, the chapter critically unpacks the (ardently discussed on popular and academic fora) possibility of cognitive gains from music. In a novel approach, integrated across the lifespan, the author robustly evaluates empirical findings from studies with children, adults and older people and builds a comprehensive overview of evidence related to different types of cognitive abilities. From untangling the distinctive outcomes of listening to music versus active participation to considering different types of interventions and multiple cognitive abilities, this chapter makes an important contribution to knowledge and sets guidance for practitioners and academics as well as decision makers and policymakers.
