ABSTRACT
The existence of words for malaria in many Ethiopian languages, such as weba and nidad in Amharic and busa in Oromigna, strongly indicates that this disease has been endemic in Ethiopia. The concentration of the Ethiopian population in the highlands is partly due to the widespread occurrence of malaria in the lowlands. The prevalence and incidence of malaria has greatly increased since the mid-1980s, partly due to the military campaigns and ecological upheavals in the late 1980s and early 1990s. During the period 1984–1988, outdoor and indoor resting collections were made by technicians stationed in observation posts representing low, moderate, and intense transmission of malaria in different administrative regions. An. Junestus is the third most common vector of malaria in Ethiopia, comprising 3.2% of all the specimens collected during the period 1984–1988. Biological control methods have been introduced in Ethiopia using indigenous larvivorous fish.
