ABSTRACT
The ANOVA chapter follows the same pattern with an introduction, purpose, and history section. It also provides a look into the mechanics of the test. It includes equations for the within-group variance, between-group variance, and the F-statistic. It also specifies the assumptions that underlie the tests. It provides an overview of how to interpret the results, and then provides the step-by-step guide on how to run an ANOVA test in SPSS and R. The step-by-step instructions for SPSS and R provide information on checking the assumptions while running the test. It explains the null hypothesis, the one-way ANOVA test, and the post hoc test. The chapter concludes with two real planning research examples that use ANOVA.
