ABSTRACT
It is widely assumed both that filter bubbles and echo chambers are necessary consequences of online platforms, and that they are the product of our online actions causing us to be isolated in cyber-enclaves of like-minded individuals. In this chapter, I discuss the steadily growing literature on filter bubbles and echo chambers, attending primarily to the epistemic and political risks posed by them. I focus my discussion around four themes: selective exposure, homophily, polarisation, and responsibility.
