ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses appropriate responses to the patient who presents with an acute respiratory problem. The major structures of the respiratory system are described along with the determinants of external and internal respiration as well as oxygen delivery (DO2) and oxygen consumption (VO2). The functions of the respiratory epithelium, including neurohormonal control of the airways, are outlined along with a description of how acute respiratory problems can compromise respiratory status. The role of the nurse in undertaking a respiratory assessment and delivering care to maximise respiratory status is highlighted.
