ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the ways Russian and Norwegian oil companies, which have joint collaboration in the Arctic, are reporting on how polar bears are affected by their activities and on actions taken to reduce the threat of extinction for this iconic species. It studies how large oil companies account for their impact on polar bears in the Arctic in annual and sustainability reports and how sustainability accounting can serve companies and society as a tool for organizational change towards sustainable businesses. Oil development in the Arctic poses a wide of range of threats to polar bears ranging from oil spills to increased human-bear interactions. A content overview was done by screening all information related to polar bears and the aspects that directly or indirectly can harm polar bears or the environment needed for their survival, based on existing knowledge on polar bears. Polar bears are vulnerable when the companies perform harmful oil exploration activities.
