ABSTRACT
Transgender and nonbinary (TNB) individuals experience a disproportionate prevalence of multiple health issues within a context of social and structural inequality. Moreover, TNB people experience many barriers to accessing health care, from purposeful misgendering to denial of care, harassment, and violence. This chapter reviews the extant literature about health disparities among TNB people, the magnitude and consequences of delaying, denial, and avoidance of medical care, the importance of medical gender affirmation, and multi-level barriers to access to medical care. In closing, this chapter reviews community-identified best practices in providing gender-affirming medical care, including the informed consent process, provider training and cultural humility in care provision, community connections, and policy/advocacy work.
