ABSTRACT
Places in capitalist socio-spatial formations have never been entirely closed or open. People, commodities, raw materials, money and capital flowed in and out, while people living and working in particular places developed place-based institutions to defend their lives from place-specific devalorisations. Thus some places become major centres of capital accumulation and economic growth, while others declined. Production and destruction of places has therefore always been an integral component of the process of uneven and combined development that is inherent to the capitalist mode of production. Unevenness produces also differential meanings and attachment to place as well as tangled relationships between capital’s requirements and attachment to place and class.
