ABSTRACT
In the case of autism spectrum disorders, differential diagnosis is essential to increase the likelihood that the individual receives the adequate intervention and services. Children who experience delays in the typical developmental trajectory frequently present for assessment with several characteristics that could cause concern for autism but may also relate to disorders of early childhood, including those of a speech, motor, cognitive, medical, and genetic variety. Rapid advancements in technology and the field of developmental psychology have aided in the process of differential diagnosis. This chapter seeks to briefly explain the recent evolution of ASD diagnosis as defined by diagnostic and coding manuals to provide a broad understanding of the assessment process and differentiation. Understanding the complexity of differential diagnosis related to autism spectrum disorders will contribute to further advancement in early and accurate detection of developmental disorders, enhance access to early intervention, and minimize the chance of misdiagnosis.
