ABSTRACT
Controversy centers on whether it is possible to do quality work that meets a standard equivalent to that of in-person supervision and whether it is possible for a Western supervisor speaking only English to supervise the work of a therapist working in Chinese with Chinese patients. The three Chinese therapists who were living in China, already working in the mental health field, and had established private practices in China, were completing the China American Psychoanalytic Alliance (CAPA) two-year certificate program in psychodynamic psychotherapy in which the supervisor taught and supervised. The supervisor had had previous experience of teaching and learning using audio and video communication at the International Psychotherapy Institute (IPI) when she lived in Salt Lake City, Utah and attended a course in infant observation taught from London by videoconference. She later taught Infant Observation herself from Salt Lake City, using audio conferencing.
