ABSTRACT
Freud is manifestly attempting to combine his drive model with elements of the trauma model. It is important to note that he transfers the traumatic influence into phylogenesis, thus separating it from psychoneurosis by a buffer of hundreds of millennia. In a word, the formulation is no longer trauma or drive, but drive and trauma. Freud made another attempt to link the trauma and drive models, albeit admittedly excluding the phylogenetic dimension, in 1920 in Beyond the Pleasure Principle the work in which he at the same time introduced the concept of the death drive. Under the influence of the war neuroses, he sought to comprehend the typical rhythm of the working out and psychic binding of traumatic experiences through the notion of the compulsion to repeat. The trauma model and the real relationship appeal directly to common sense, whereas the drive model and the transference relationship represent the more difficult, more improbable, truly novel, and genuinely psychoanalytic conception.
