ABSTRACT
This chapter presents the case material by the International Psychoanalytical Association (IPA) Project Committee on Clinical Observation and Testing in order to study transformations by using expert work groups and Ricardo Bernardi’s three-level model for observing patient transformations (3-LM) in the IPA Congress in Prague 2013. Paula was probably severely deprived of empathy in the course of her personality development, and this was underlined by Marianne Leuzinger-Bohleber in making the reference to the trauma model based on object relations and their collapse, resulting in the breakdown of internal communication. Leuzinger-Bohleber’s opinion of Paula’s transformations suggests using the following categories: appearance, states of self, object relations, superego– ego– id, indicators for central unconscious fantasies and conflicts, and relationship with the analyst. Judy Kantrowitz wrote very thoughtful comments on the 3-LM, Paula’s transformations and contributions by Bernardi, Fitzpatrick-Hanly, and Leuzinger-Bohleber. She stressed the role of the group in observing clinical data.
