ABSTRACT
Israel is a traumatized and traumatizing society. Its people and its culture are virtually saturated with memories of traumatic events, which go back for centuries, and which have unconsciously affected the mentality and actions of Jewish and non-Jewish citizens alike. The life experience of Jewish Israelis is shaped by their collective memories of traumatization within the social unconscious of Israeli society. Israel can be considered to be a traumatized society, not only historically, but also currently. The Israeli case study shows how a traumatized organization and the traumatized society in which it is embedded are always intertwined. The vignettes of traumatized organizations within the context of a traumatized society suggest that the only way for organizations to free themselves from enacting their traumatic experiences is through attempts by their members to work through the trauma that they have experienced within the context of their organizations.
