ABSTRACT
The Iran-Iraq War has been considered "an obviously unfair, unnecessary and pointless war". The Persian Gulf War has been labeled the first "communication war" because the news media, particularly television, were on the scene every moment. The undesirable experience of the Persian Gulf War reporting demonstrated how essential it is for the Third World to struggle for change of great-power dominance over international news and communication. Thus, during the Persian Gulf War, people in Iran, as well as the people around the world, were not only poorly informed about the "why" of the war but were also misinformed and manipulated by correspondents and news agencies that reported only what the military wanted known. As a result of postrevolutionary internal reorganizations and the effects of the Iran-Iraq War, among other reasons, the Iranian press had a limited opportunity to train the qualified professional journalists needed to counteract this dominance.
