ABSTRACT
By using the Swedish film industry and the major production company of Svensk Filmindustri (SF) as a case study, this chapter shows that although sound production during the conversion to sound rapidly became industrialized and international, it remained at the same time domesticated thanks to the special circumstances at each location of film production. In Sweden, the practice of using non-diegetic music was established from 1931. Under the supervision of a sound crew from Tobis-Klangfilm, non-diegetic music was used continuously in film after film in the company’s productions until the contract with the German company ended in 1932.
