Introduction

This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book discusses the creation of welcoming and supportive environments for young people. It also explains the public realm includes spaces such as streets and sidewalks, urban plazas, and parks. The terms ‘Global North’ and ‘Global South’ originate from the Geography discipline as an alternative classification to the First World and Third World dichotomy. While cardinal directions are utilized, the terms do refer to relative position to the Equator. The ability of youth to freely enjoy public spaces, and to develop a sense of belonging and attachment to these environments, is critical for their physical, social, cognitive, and emotional development. The exclusion of youth from public environments comes in many guises. Youth may be prevented from using public outdoor spaces simply by virtue of a lack of access.