ABSTRACT
The Mayor was required by national legislation to produce a new strategic plan for the capital, including a series of environmental strategies alongside spatial planning, transport, and economic development. There was also an overarching requirement for all these strategies to take account of sustainable development and for them to be consistent with one another. Environmental strategies that were components of the London plan included biodiversity, air quality, waste management, and energy, all of which were published by 2004. Individual countries are required to play their part by implementing changes in energy policy and land use to meet the global targets. Global action has been taken by the United Nations under the Climate Convention, in a series of meetings of world leaders that have varied markedly in their effectiveness. In January 2018 the UK Government’s 25 Year Environment Plan recognized the need for people to have access to nature.
