ABSTRACT
Gendered systems of oppression and power like patriarchy and hegemonic masculinity situate those who identify as men and women in specific ways and afford specific understandings of sex, power, and control in and outside of relationships. The feelings of entitlement to sexual and social power felt by some men remain, even as social norms and power systems are changing in parts of the world. The nature of participation in incel and pickup artist subcultures are confluences of leisure pursuits and modern connectivity. The ideologies carried by the members of these groups have existed for some time, as men’s groups came into existence as an offshoot of second-wave feminism in the 1970s. Almost 30 years after the introduction of consumer-available internet access, leisure scholars are just beginning to understand leisure in digital landscapes to be equivalent to, and not solely a niche subset of, leisure practices as people have traditionally understood them.
