ABSTRACT
All races have fundamental similarities such as muscular and nervous structure, and minor differences such as skin color, hair texture, and distribution of hair. Both the similarities and differences result from the interaction of hereditary determiners (genes) and their environment. The similarities between different species are sometimes the result of the same kind of genes. Here, then, is a case of similarities resulting not from descent from a common ancestor but from gene alterations. For the homology, though perfectly real, no longer implies descent from a common ancestor showing the common feature. Of course, when an evolutionist says a group is unrelated to another it is a relative matter, for all animals and plants are considered to be related if traced back far enough. In view of the resemblances between adult animals, one would expect their embryos to be even more similar.
