ABSTRACT
COVID-19 has highlighted significant differences in policy and practice between nations as well as the complex political, economic, and cultural connections between them. As an ideology, transnationalism promotes an economic process whereby the production of any goods involves and occurs in different countries, usually with the aim of minimizing costs and maximizing profits. Multinational corporations are a form of economic transnationalism through organizing their operations in the most cost-efficient means possible irrespective of political boundaries. Consequently the flow of ideas has increased, giving rise to critical realization of the impact of economic transnationalism on the world systems and on people and their communities. Nowadays, Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) is a truly transnational enterprise, with products such as the various international language testing regimes, textbooks, and online resources. In this context, TESOL teacher education is also an integral part of the transnational movement.
