ABSTRACT
This chapter reports on the many efforts which have aimed at defining and operationalizing what is needed to implement a holistic approach to language education in the recent – and not so recent – past. Whilst upholding that such a holistic approach can improve language learning, the chapter outlines what a coherent approach to learning, teaching, and assessment means and implies, and focuses in particular on the contributions describing the key role of assessment in all contexts and at all levels of education. The intention behind highlighting the useful work already done is to encourage current research and development endeavors to try and integrate existing approaches, documentation, and resources.
