ABSTRACT
This chapter addresses three major law enforcement strategies—broken windows-based policing, hot spots policing, and focused deterrence. It discusses some overall gaps in criminal justice theorizing and research within the context of the reviewed strategies and provides some avenues for future theorizing and research. A follow-up analysis of data from the Minneapolis Hot Spots Policing Experiment revealed the optimal patrol time in hot spots was about 11–15 minutes. Problem-solving is the third tactic evaluated in hot spots. In Jersey City, problem-solving relying on aggressive order-maintenance policing and improvements to the physical environment was implemented in 12 randomly selected hot spots. Hot spots policing tactics potentially reduce crime via numerous theoretical mechanisms. Many new policing strategies, such as hot spots policing and focused deterrence, require police departments to work collaboratively with organizations both inside and outside the criminal justice system. Understanding why fads come and go in policing may have implications for catalyzing reforms in the future.
