ABSTRACT
According to Cardinal John Henry Newman, universities are built on the widest and richest possible gathering of disciplines and persons in the common pursuit of truth. Students, faculty, staff, and administrators found themselves at a turning point over the future of the university its structure, leadership, and practices. The movement developed into a healthy, positive example of what should be at the heart of any university's existence: an active, expressive, and spirited community of students, staff, faculty, and others who share a common mission. Since the early 1940s, American universities have acknowledged that the faculty's professional expertise must play a central role in academic administration. Educational policy researcher James DeBoy believes that faculty have a moral obligation to speak up when they perceive problems, because administrative staff and students are more vulnerable to retaliation. In reality, many members of the university community worked hard to keep the conversation civil and focused on foundational issues.
