ABSTRACT
In this chapter, we argue that there has been a rich and not-enough-emphasized literature from the Latin American region that has suggested responses, complementary and alternative scenarios to the world orders formulated in the North. We examine the Latin American responses and reactions to alternative world orders in analytical and normative terms. First, we assess general attempts of theorizing in the region, and from the region, about world order(s). Second, we present the different Latin American approaches along several issue-areas: (1) peace and security, through the promotion of norms of international law and institutions; (2) international political economy, (under) development, and globalization, through the assessment of developmentalism (desarrollismo) and the South American dependency school (dependencia); and (3) foreign policy formulations, through the autonomy approach, peripheral Realism, regionalism, including the recent trend of post-hegemonic regionalism and multilateralism. Finally, we explain the relative silence and limitations of the Latin American approaches, as well as the potential dialogue between Northern scenarios and Latin American responses. Ultimately, the formulation of alternative scenarios and responses by Latin American scholars and practitioners is relevant not only to understand the realities of the region but also to make sense of international relations at large, and not only in the Western Hemisphere.
