ABSTRACT
This chapter describes a human ecological framework based on system dynamics, which can help planners and policy makers identify trade-offs and synergies when designing approaches to ensure urban food security and nutrition outcomes. The chapter demonstrates the application of this visual framework to the APRU SCL scales and boundaries model, showing the multiple levels of determinants of food and nutrition security, as well as the recursive relationships and feedback processes that connect them. It highlights the various ways that food systems can influence the breadth of human health beyond diet and nutrition, and makes the case for food policies to include broader consideration of the psychosocial and cultural well-being of individuals and populations across the urban-rural continuum and across the spectrum of food system activities from co-production of food and meals, through to post-consumption management of nutrients.
