ABSTRACT
This chapter explores one of the largely overlooked elements within the literature of transnational organised crime (TOC). It considers the economic geographies of organised crime. The academic literature of TOC is characterised by a multidisciplinarity consisting primarily of contributions from criminology, sociology, economics and political science. Organised crime is situated within a wider global economic terrain characterised by complex intersections of the legal, the licit, the illegal and the illicit. The criticisms of the dominant perspectives outlined earlier point to the significance of scale of analysis in some recent debates within criminology and the social sciences, which are of relevance to the study of TOC. The transnational geography of cyber-fraud is one characterised primarily by extensive agglomerations of cybercriminals in regions such as Eastern Europe and some states of the former Soviet Union, West Africa, Brazil and Turkey. These regional cyber-fraud economies are the sources of significant personal, commercial and national security threats.
