ABSTRACT
A long-standing controversy in literacy instruction is whether reading is the same or different in different languages and whether reading instruction should be different if the reading processes are different. Ann Ebe designed an eye movement/miscue analysis (EMMA) study to look at whether the processes of reading English and Spanish were actually different or essentially the same. In this, she was testing my theoretical view that there is a single universal process for making sense of print for both Spanish and English. Using EMMA, the integration of miscue analysis and eye-movement research, on oral reading by biliterate readers, Ebe demonstrates that her readers are making sense of both Spanish and English in the same way. She conducted an experiment in which biliterate readers read from the same text with one chapter in English and the other in Spanish.
