Introduction

This chapter seeks to an analytical examination of the doctrine expounded by Claude-Henri de Saint-Simon in his writings between 1802 and 1825. It provides the methodological foundations of that doctrine, that is, the precise nature of Saint-Simon’s approach to the study of man and society. Saint-Simon belonged to one of France’s most distinguished aristocratic families, which claimed, with some justification apparently, to be directly descended from Charlemagne through the comtes de Vermandois. The family owned a château in Berny, with large estates, and also had a winter residence in Paris, which meant that Claude-Henri was introduced at an early age into Parisian social circles. Saint-Simon’s early intellectual immersion in the philosophy of the French Enlightenment left a lasting impression on him, instilling into him a remarkable independence of mind, especially in religious matters, which remained with him throughout his life. In January 1777, at the age of sixteen, Saint-Simon was offered a commission as second lieutenant in the army.