ABSTRACT
This chapter presents a case where the traditions of basing co-operation between two actors in the European theatre of politics upon the common confessional interests were very strong in the seventeenth century, and in the constellation of European politics in the early eighteenth century it would have been hard to replace this factor with anything else. In the sixteenth century, two things happened in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary, which furthered this development. The traditional argument for cooperation between Swedes and Hungarians, referring to the Protestant cause, seemed to be more promising than finding a legal obligation of Charles XII to assist the Hungarian uprising. The confessional issue was pushed to the back not only because of the personal conviction of Ferenc Rakoczi II, but also because the target audience of the manifesto was not the Swedish king, but it was supposed to make an impact in much wider circles.
