ABSTRACT
The campaign and election of Donald Trump emboldened xenophobic, white supremacist, and Islamophobic movements, who began to hold increasing numbers of public demonstrations. These protesters were confronted by anti-racist and anti-fascist counterprotesters who used different strategies in their attempt to contain the rising right. This chapter uses a combination of movement-generated data and news media sources to examine the interactions between extreme right protesters and anti-racist and anti-fascist counterprotesters in two US and two Canadian cities between 2017 and 2019. It finds a shared sequence of protest-counterprotest interactions, but variation in the frequency of counterprotest, and the use of two types of counterprotest strategy. The use of these types is affected by national and international regime events, incidents of lethal right-wing violence, and local actions, alliances, and interactions.
