ABSTRACT
Despite the development of more sophisticated analytical techniques, there are still aspects of the creation of Roman wall paintings that are unclear to archaeologists. Integrating material and textual evidence is paramount in developing our understanding of the processes, materials, and people involved in the creation of ancient murals. Similarities and discrepancies between literary texts (Naturalis Historia, De Architectura) and archaeological finds are presented and their respective value is assessed, to understand to what degree the two can be reconciled. Particular attention is paid to the materials used by Roman painters, especially pigments, highlighting how recent analyses shed light on the importance of artisanal know-how in antiquity.
