ABSTRACT
Following the digital reform, referred to as the third industrial revolution, the latest revolution, Industry 4.0, comprises new technology applications such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, augmented reality, big data, and cyber-physical systems. The new technologies of Industry 3.0 and 4.0 have paved the path for digital transformation in economic, social, cultural, and social fields. As for several industries, digital transformation has a wide variety of implications for tourism as well, an industry that plays a significant role in the world economy. Based on the previous framework, this chapter aims to explore, explain, and discuss the components in Industry 3.0 (digital) and Industry 4.0 used in tourism industry applications. The chapter primarily demonstrates the advantages and disadvantages of various Industry 3.0 and 4.0 applications from a dyadic perspective, comprising both the demand side (tourists and customers) and the supply side (employees, managers, systems, and processes). The overview and analysis of the applications show that the digitalisation not only creates added value in the form of enabling speed of access and use and enhancing the experience for tourists but also enables cost advantages for businesses operating in the tourism industry. Also, the analysis of the applications shows that the transformation requires businesses to focus on strategies to develop database-oriented services, personalised tourist experiences, and real-time service deliveries.
