ABSTRACT
The Ghadar Party immediately sent Santokh Singh and Bhai Rattan Singh to Russia to make a study of the situation there. Their reports on the revolution in Russia and on the conditions obtaining there had an enormous influence on the policy of the Ghadar Party.” The news of the revolution in Russia was received with satisfaction by the leaders of the Kabul centre of Indian emigre patriots, too. The activities of Indian patriots in Soviet Turkestan alarmed the British authorities who started the smuggling of agents into the community of Indian emigres so as to hamper the process of their consolidation. At the close of 1920, the number of Indian patriots in Central Asia (Tashkent, Bokhara and Samarkand) was more than 200. With the assistance of the Soviet public, Indian emigres conducted political education work among the local Indian community, in which M. N. Roy, M. Shafiq, Shaukat Usmani and A. Safdar actively participated.
