ABSTRACT
Paleoradiology is a discipline that uses medical imaging techniques, such as X-ray radiography and computed tomography (CT), to study bioarchaeological materials. These techniques are non-invasive and non-destructive and allow the visualization of the internal structures of the object of interest. They are important tools to study mummies, to assess skeletal development, and to help in the diagnosis of diseases. Another important role of radiography is the potential permanent documentation of diseases and conditions.
This chapter is intended as an introduction to paleoradiology. The covered topics are as follows: a brief history of the radiography in paleopathology, some basic technical principles on X-ray radiography and CT scanning, and some general guidelines for interpreting pathological changes. Finally, an overview of other imaging modalities suitable for bioarchaeological applications and future prospective is also provided.
