ABSTRACT
For archaeologists, the rock art of Central Tanzania spans a period from at least 3,500 BP to paintings known as the 'Late Whites' created up to 200 years ago. The objective of this research conducted in 2001 was to see how the rock art sites of Kondoa-Irangi were engaged with at the local level. In local accounts this latter use was limited to only two clusters of sites actually containing rock art, although the whole area formed a ritual landscape. Mungumi wa Kolo can also be considered as the 'flagship' site for the rock art of Kondoa-Irangi, a role in which it will probably be presented in the nomination to UNESCO's World Heritage List. Notwithstanding the importance of Mungumi wa Kolo as a ritual site, it is clear that the whole area projected to become a World Heritage site is populated with Rangi, Alagwa ancestral clanspirits.
